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Vara Network Documentation

website·Indexed 34 days ago

https://wiki.vara.network

Documentation for Vara Network and the Gear Protocol, featuring a high-performance blockchain built on Substrate. It covers the Actor model for message-passing, persistent memory, and WebAssembly (Wasm) runtime. Includes guides on Vara.eth for Ethereum integration, the Sails developer framework, program testing with gtest and gclient, and the wVARA utility token economy.

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What's inside Vara Network

  1. Overview of the Dia Randomness Oracle

    The Dia Randomness Oracle is an example of a safe randomization implementation developed using the Sails framework. It provides a way to integrate unpredictable randomness into a blockchain environment, ensuring integrity and traceability of random values through cryptographic signatures.

  2. Overview of RMRK NFT Standard on Vara

    The RMRK NFT standard on Vara implements a cross-chain NFT infrastructure using 'legos' (primitives) to enable complex use cases. Key implemented features include:

    • Nested NFTs: The ability for an NFT to own other NFTs.
    • Multi-resource NFTs: The ability for an NFT to vary its output based on the context in which it is loaded.

  3. Overview of Vara.eth Skills for AI Agents

    Vara.eth Skills is an open-source pack of agentic playbooks designed for AI coding agents (such as Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, and Copilot). It provides specialized instructions for contract authoring, deployment via ethexe, message-passing, frontend wiring, and Solidity integration using generated ABIs. The skills are provided as plain Markdown files that can be loaded into any agent capable of reading context files.
    git clone https://github.com/gear-foundation/vara-eth-skills

  4. Overview of the Gear Network Staking Program

    The Staking program allows users to deposit fungible tokens to earn passive rewards. It is developed using the Sails framework and interacts with the Vara Fungible Token (VFT) standard to handle deposits, reward distributions, and withdrawals via asynchronous calls to the VFT contract. The program is designed to be adaptable, allowing administrators to update reward parameters.

  5. Overview of Tic-Tac-Toe Smart Program

    Tic-Tac-Toe is a blockchain-based game where users compete against a program. A key feature of its implementation is the use of Gear Protocol's delayed messages to automatically purge unnecessary data structures from storage once a game session is completed and results are recorded. The project utilizes the Sails framework for the contract and the EZ-Transactions package for gasless and signless frontend interactions.

  6. Overview of the Vara Multi-Token (VMT) Standard

    The Vara Multi-Token (VMT) standard is the Vara Network equivalent of Ethereum's ERC-1155. It provides a unified API for multi-token functionality, allowing applications to manage multiple token types within a single contract. The standard is built using the Sails framework for Gear Protocol.

  7. Overview of Multisig Wallet logic

    A Multisig Wallet requires a minimum number of authorized owners to sign and authorize a transaction before it can be executed. The contract deployer defines the total number of owners and the required confirmation threshold (e.g., 2-of-3 or 3-of-5).

    Transaction Flow:

    1. An owner initiates a transaction using submit_transaction.
    2. Other owners approve the transaction via confirm_transaction until the required threshold is met.
    3. Once the threshold is reached, the transaction is typically executed automatically.
    4. If the required confirmation count is lowered by owners, a previously confirmed transaction can be manually triggered using execute_transaction.

  8. Overview of Vara dApp Patterns architecture

    Vara dApp patterns are organized into three practical layers to help developers implement specific functionalities across the stack. The patterns are hosted in the gear-foundation/vara-dapp-patterns repository.

    • Contracts Layer: Focuses on on-chain design and execution flow. Use this for state storage, service composition, and scheduling internal work. Key patterns include factories, delayed self-messages, service wrappers, and session-based delegation.
    • Frontend Layer: Focuses on React integration and transaction UX. Use this for predictable transaction orchestration, especially when preparing extrinsics in one location and executing them in another. Key patterns include transaction preparation, execution hooks, verified sending, provider composition, and signless/gasless UI flows.
    • Backend Layer: Focuses on trusted off-chain services. Use this for architectures involving trusted signers, voucher lifecycle management, REST APIs, or access-control services driven by on-chain state. Key patterns include REST gateways, voucher servers, and token-gated authentication.

  9. Overview of Vara to Ethereum cross-chain messaging

    The Vara-Ethereum Bridge allows developers to move messages and value between Vara and Ethereum using a ZK-based mechanism. The bridge abstracts the complex transport layer, including Merkle root and proof generation, ZK-inclusion proofs, and state synchronization. Developers only need to implement the application logic for formatting and processing messages.

    The architecture consists of three parts:

    1. Vara Side: A Gear Program (Rust) that sends the payload via the bridge API.
    2. Relayer: A permissionless Node.js service that listens for events on Vara and relays them to Ethereum once the Merkle root is submitted.
    3. Ethereum Side: A MessageQueue contract that verifies proofs and forwards messages to a destination contract.

  10. Overview of the Vara Fungible Token (VFT) Standard

    The Vara Fungible Token (VFT) standard is the Vara Network equivalent of Ethereum's ERC-20. It provides a unified API for implementing fungible tokens. The standard is split into a core service (foundational framework for transfers and approvals) and an extended implementation (adding minting, burning, and role management). The project is built using the Sails framework.

  11. Overview of the Vara ↔ Ethereum Bridge

    The Vara Bridge is a trustless, Zero-Knowledge (ZK) based cross-chain bridge used to securely transfer tokens, NFTs, and data between Ethereum and the Vara Network. It utilizes cryptographic security measures including Plonky2, Merkle Trees, and Gnark to validate transactions without revealing sensitive information, minimizing fraud and manipulation risks.

  12. Overview of Vara Network and Gear Protocol technology

    Vara Network is built on the Gear Protocol and the Substrate blockchain development framework. It is designed for high-complexity smart contracts and dApp development using a tech stack that combines the Actor Model, Persistent Memory, and the WebAssembly (Wasm) virtual machine.