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https://pharath.netlify.appA collection of technical notes, tutorials, and cheatsheets covering multiple programming languages and frameworks, including Java (Spring Boot, Jakarta EE, Hibernate), JavaScript (React, TypeScript), C++, Python (Selenium, Streamlit), and R, as well as web fundamentals like HTTP and CSS.
State management in React allows applications to respond dynamically to user input by tracking data changes over time. In functional components, this is achieved using Hooks. Unlike class-based state management, Hooks allow state to be broken into multiple independent pieces rather than a single state object, resulting in shorter and more maintainable code.
Key Hooks for state management include:
useState: Used for setting a value without needing to reference the current state.useReducer: Used for complex data manipulations or when the new state depends on the previous value.@Getter and @Setter) to automatically generate boilerplate code, such as getters, setters, and constructors, during compilation. To use Lombok in IntelliJ IDEA, the Lombok plugin is required.// Example of Lombok annotations to reduce boilerplate
@Getter
@Setter
public class User {
private String name;
}<memory> header that provide automatic, exception-safe object lifetime management. They act like regular pointers but automatically delete the managed object when it is no longer needed, helping implement the "no naked new" rule. Default-initialized smart pointers hold a null pointer.#include <memory>
// unique_ptr: Represents unique ownership; destructor destroys the object.
std::unique_ptr<int> p1 = std::make_unique<int>(10);
// shared_ptr: Allows multiple pointers to refer to the same object.
std::shared_ptr<int> p2 = std::make_shared<int>(20);
// weak_ptr: A companion class providing a weak reference to an object managed by a shared_ptr.
std::weak_ptr<int> w1 = p2;Websites are categorized by how content is delivered to the browser:
In a technical context, 'binary' and 'executable' refer to different properties of a file:
#!/usr/bin/python3 and the executable permission bit set)..dll or .so) are binaries but cannot be executed directly.