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EduLabs Documentation

website·Indexed 30 days ago

https://edulabs.fr/

A technical knowledge base focusing on Linux system administration, kernel research, and infrastructure. Content covers topics including systemd-nspawn, eBPF, ZFS ARC cache, LVM, Docker Compose, and various Linux distributions such as OpenSUSE MicroOS and Void Linux, alongside guides on networking, security, and CLI tools.

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What's inside EduLabs

  1. Overview of Alpine Linux architecture and design

    Alpine Linux is a lightweight distribution designed for a minimal disk footprint. It achieves this by replacing the standard glibc with musl libc and utilizing BusyBox for most system utilities. It uses OpenRC as its init system, providing a more readable alternative to systemd for understanding the boot process. By default, it implements a security-hardened model with Position Independent Executables (PIE) and Stack Smashing Protection (SSP) enabled across all packages.

  2. Overview of Fedora Silverblue's immutable architecture

    Fedora Silverblue is an immutable version of Fedora Workstation. Unlike traditional distributions, it replaces the standard package manager with an image-based system managed by rpm-ostree. The root filesystem is mounted as read-only. Updates create a complete new deployment rather than modifying files in place, allowing users to switch between deployments at boot time for safer updates and easy rollbacks.

  3. Overview of fish shell features

    fish (friendly interactive shell) is designed for an immediate, high-quality interactive experience without requiring manual configuration. Unlike bash or zsh, it does not prioritize strict POSIX compatibility. Key built-in features include:

    • Real-time syntax highlighting (e.g., marking unknown commands before execution).
    • Autosuggestions based on command history, displayed in grey and accepted using the right arrow key.
    • Automatic command option completion derived from man pages.
    • A simplified scripting syntax for loops and conditions.

  4. Overview of runit process supervision

    runit is an init system and process supervisor designed as a simpler alternative to traditional SysV init scripts. It operates on the principle that every service is a small shell script executed in the foreground and monitored by a supervisor process that automatically restarts the service if it terminates.

  5. Overview of Immutable OS Documentation

    The Immutable OS section provides guides and resources for configuring and managing immutable operating systems, specifically focusing on OpenSUSE MicroOS.

  6. Overview of OpenSUSE MicroOS

    OpenSUSE MicroOS is an immutable Linux distribution specifically designed for container environments and embedded systems. It provides a stable and secure foundation characterized by a read-only file system and atomic updates, ensuring system consistency and reliability.

  7. Overview of Void Linux architecture and features

    Void Linux is an independent distribution built from scratch. Key architectural features include:

    • Init System: Uses runit instead of systemd for a minimal, script-based approach to service management.
    • Package Management: Uses XBPS, a fast binary package manager, complemented by xbps-src for managing source packages.
    • C Library Options: Offers both glibc and musl libc options.
    • Release Model: Follows a rolling release model with continuous updates rather than major version jumps.

  8. Overview of Nushell structured data shell

    Nushell is a cross-platform shell (Linux, macOS, Windows) that treats command output as structured data (tables, records, and typed lists) rather than raw text. This eliminates the need for manual parsing tools like awk, sed, or cut when filtering, sorting, or transforming data. It natively loads CSV, JSON, and TOML files as structured data and includes a type system to catch script errors before execution.

  9. Overview of s6 and s6-rc init systems

    s6 is a process supervision suite designed for extreme robustness and correctness. It separates the core process supervision (handled by s6) from service dependency management (handled by s6-rc). Key design goals include clean signal handling, the elimination of race conditions during service startup and shutdown, and the use of low-level primitives (like s6-svscan and s6-supervise) intended for composition.

  10. Extend ZFS cache with L2ARC

    The ARC can be extended to a second level called L2ARC. L2ARC is stored on fast storage devices (such as SSDs or NVMe) to hold data that overflows from the primary RAM cache, preventing the system from having to read directly from slower mechanical disks.

  11. Understand ZFS Adaptive Replacement Cache (ARC) mechanism

    ZFS uses the Adaptive Replacement Cache (ARC) instead of the standard Linux kernel page cache. The ARC is a block cache that maintains two separate lists: Most Recently Used (MRU) and Most Frequently Used (MFU). It dynamically adjusts the relative size of these lists based on access patterns, making it more resistant to 'cache scans' (e.g., a large find command or full backup) than a standard Least Recently Used (LRU) cache, as frequently accessed blocks are not easily evicted by one-time massive reads.

  12. Understand Linux namespace types and their isolation purposes

    Linux provides eight types of namespaces to isolate different system facets. While they provide a layer of isolation for containers, they do not isolate system calls themselves because all containers share the same kernel. To prevent kernel-level exploits and container escapes, namespaces should be used in conjunction with seccomp filtering and Linux Security Modules (LSM).