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SP1 Documentation

website·Indexed 35 days ago

https://docs.succinct.xyz/docs/sp1/introduction

Documentation for SP1, a zkVM for verifiable computation. Includes guides on writing and optimizing programs, generating proofs for onchain verification, and utilizing the Succinct Prover Network. Covers SP1 Hypercube security models, precompiles for cryptographic acceleration, and the Solidity SDK for proof verification. Supports versions V5.x.y and V6.1.0 (Hypercube).

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What's inside SP1

  1. Overview of SP1 zkVM

    SP1 is a zero-knowledge virtual machine (zkVM) designed to prove the correct execution of programs compiled for the RISC-V architecture. It enables developers to write provable programs using familiar languages such as Rust, C++, and C without requiring custom circuit design or specialized cryptography expertise. SP1 V6 features 'Hypercube', a multilinear proof system that optimizes performance through advanced polynomial commitment schemes and recursion.

  2. Overview of Succinct and SP1 zkVM

    Succinct provides a platform to easily generate Zero Knowledge (ZK) proofs for any piece of software, removing the need for specialized cryptographic knowledge. This is achieved through SP1, a zero knowledge virtual machine (zkVM) that can prove its own execution. By running code within SP1, developers can turn complex ZK engineering tasks into simpler software projects.

  3. Overview of SP1 zkVM for verifiable computation

    SP1 is a performant, general-purpose zero-knowledge virtual machine (zkVM) that enables verifiable computation. It allows developers to create cryptographic proofs that a program has executed correctly without requiring the verifier to trust the prover, re-execute the program, or know the inputs. SP1 enables the creation of blockchain infrastructure—such as rollups, bridges, and coprocessors—using maintainable software written in Rust.

  4. Overview of Succinct Prover Network Reserved Capacity

    Reserved capacity is a managed proving option on the Succinct Prover Network designed for applications requiring strict service level guarantees (SLAs), ultra-low latency, or sustained high throughput. It allows users to establish direct off-chain agreements with Succinct or trusted proving partners to achieve specific performance targets, such as proof generation in under 30 seconds or a minimum proving rate of 10 MPGUs/s.

  5. Overview of the Succinct Prover Network (SPN)

    The Succinct Prover Network is a two-sided marketplace for generating zero-knowledge proofs. It connects requesters (applications needing proofs) with provers (entities that generate proofs) through a competitive auction process. The architecture follows a verifiable application (vApp) pattern, separating execution (off-chain auctioneer) from settlement (on-chain Ethereum smart contracts) to provide a real-time, low-latency user experience while maintaining independent verifiability of the network state.

  6. Overview of SP1 Cluster Architecture

    The SP1 Cluster is a multi-GPU prover service implementation designed to generate SP1 proofs on the Succinct Prover Network. It coordinates proof generation across tens to hundreds of GPU nodes by bidding on requests from the Prover Network, proving those requests, and fulfilling them back to the network.

  7. Overview of the Succinct Prover Network

    The Succinct Prover Network is a permissionless protocol that produces zero-knowledge proofs for general-purpose software (e.g., blockchains, bridges, oracles, AI agents). It utilizes a decentralized auction mechanism where provers compete by bidding on proof requests to coordinate demand with available compute supply, incentivizing speed and reliability.

  8. Overview of the Succinct Prover Network

    The Succinct Prover Network is a protocol on Ethereum that coordinates a distributed network of provers to generate zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) for any piece of software. It operates as a two-sided marketplace connecting provers and requesters, supporting applications such as blockchains, bridges, oracles, AI agents, and video games. Unlike traditional ZK systems that require custom circuits, Succinct uses a general-purpose zero-knowledge virtual machine (zkVM) called SP1, allowing developers to generate proofs directly from standard code (e.g., Rust, C++).

  9. Overview of SP1-2FA (TEE-based verification)

    SP1-2FA provides a second layer of verification for SP1 proofs using Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs), currently powered by AWS Nitro enclaves. It ensures safety by requiring two independent verification paths to produce matching public outputs:

    1. Standard ZK Path: The SP1 RISC-V zkVM generates zero-knowledge proofs of the bytecode and inputs.
    2. TEE Execution Path: The same program and inputs run in execution mode inside an SP1 RISC-V emulator within a secure hardware enclave, producing a verifiable attestation.

    The onchain verifier checks both the ZK proof and the TEE attestation to protect against potential vulnerabilities in SP1.

  10. Overview of SP1 zkVM

    SP1 is a Zero-Knowledge Virtual Machine (zkVM) developed by Succinct. It is designed to generate proofs of correct execution for any program, allowing the execution logic to be verified without re-running the entire computation.

  11. Overview of the Succinct Network

    The Succinct Network is a decentralized protocol on Ethereum designed to facilitate the generation of zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs. It creates a two-sided marketplace connecting application developers (requesters) and hardware/infrastructure operators (provers). Developers submit programs written in normal code wrapped with SP1, and provers compete via an auction-based mechanism to generate the proofs. This network can be used for ZK rollups, bridges, games, oracles, AI agents, and other applications requiring verifiable computation.

  12. Overview of the Succinct Prover Network

    The Succinct Prover Network is a decentralized proving marketplace that allows developers to generate proofs without managing their own high-performance hardware or CUDA environments. It operates as an open marketplace where proof requests are assigned to third-party provers via a competitive auction.

    Key advantages over local proving include:

    • Minimal Setup: No need to manage GPU drivers or high-performance instances.
    • Cost Efficiency: Leverages existing optimized proving fleets.
    • Reduced Latency: Parallelizes work across multiple GPUs for faster proof generation.
    • Scalability: Dynamically scales resources based on demand.
    • Hardware Access: Provides access to cutting-edge GPU hardware not typically available on standard cloud providers.