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Orochi Network Documentation

website·Indexed 34 days ago

https://docs.orochi.network

Documentation for Orochi Network's zero-knowledge infrastructure, featuring zkDatabase, a provable NoSQL database with ZK proof verification and Merkle proofs, and zkMemory, a module for memory proof generation and custom VM building. Also includes research on KZG polynomial commitments, Distributed Key Generation (DKG), Verifiable Random Functions (VRF), and isogeny-based cryptography.

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What's inside Orochi Network

  1. Overview of Circle STARKs

    Circle STARKs are a variant of Scalable and Transparent Arguments of Knowledge (STARK) designed to work efficiently with the Mersenne31 prime field ($2^{31}-1$). Standard STARKs require large multiplicative subgroups of size $2^n$ for Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Fast Reed-Solomon IOP (FRI), which Mersenne31 does not naturally provide. Circle STARKs solve this by operating over 2D points on a 'Circle Curve' rather than 1D field elements, enabling the construction of the necessary multiplicative subgroups for efficient FFT and FRI operations.

  2. Overview of Orochi Network's ZK-Centric Architecture

    Orochi Network is a Verifiable Data Infrastructure that utilizes Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) to ensure efficient and verifiable data processing. It is designed to be both blockchain-agnostic and proof-system agnostic, supporting multiple ZKP systems including Halo2, Pickles, ZK-STARK, and Plonky3. The architecture leverages commitment schemes such as Merkle trees and polynomial commitments to ensure data integrity and scalability.

  3. Overview of Orochi Network Verifiable Data Infrastructure

    Orochi Network is a Verifiable Data Infrastructure designed to ensure data integrity and privacy in Web3. It transforms real-world data into provable data using a combination of Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP), Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE), and Trusted Execution Environments (TEE). The infrastructure is built around two core components: a Verifiable Data Pipeline, which ensures every step of data processing is tamper-proof, and ZK-Data-Rollups, which batch data operations off-chain and produce succinct proofs of correct execution.

  4. Overview of zkVM Abstract Traits for custom VM development

    To build a custom Virtual Machine (VM) without using standard structs, you must implement several abstract traits that define the fundamental operations of the machine:

    • AbstractContext: Manages the VM context, including memory, registers, and stack state.
    • AbstractMachine: Defines core operations such as executing instructions and maintaining state.
    • AbstractMemoryMachine: Handles memory read and write operations.
    • AbstractStackMachine: Manages stack operations (push/pop).
    • AbstractRegisterMachine: Handles getting and setting register values.
    • AbstractInstruction: Defines how specific instructions are interpreted and executed within the VM.

  5. Overview of ONPROVER Verifiable Data Infrastructure

    ONPROVER is a lightweight node designed to decentralize data integrity verification. Unlike traditional dApps and DeFi protocols that rely on centralized oracles, ONPROVER allows users to run Data Proving directly from their own device using a web browser. This enables the creation of a Verifiable Data Infrastructure where individuals contribute proofs to secure data integrity and earn rewards, removing the reliance on centralized servers or institutions.

  6. Overview of zkDatabase Architecture

    zkDatabase is a noSQL database solution from Orochi Network that integrates Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP) to ensure provable data integrity and privacy. It allows data queries and transactions to be verified without revealing the underlying data. The system is built with a modular architecture to support multiple proof systems in the future.

  7. Overview of Orochi Network ZK-data-rollups

    ZK-data-rollups are a component of the Orochi Network designed for secure, low-cost data handling in Web3. They adapt the ZK-Rollup architecture to aggregate multiple data operation proofs into a single succinct proof. This allows for cost-efficient verification and scalability without compromising data privacy. The system ensures security by proving each step of data transformation with a Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP), which are then recursively composed into a chained sequence of proofs to maintain integrity throughout the data transformation pipeline.

  8. Overview of Poseidon Hash for ZKP systems

    Poseidon is a cryptographic hash function designed specifically for use in computational integrity proof systems like SNARKs and STARKs. Unlike traditional hash functions (e.g., SHA-256) that rely on bitwise operations (XOR, AND), Poseidon performs arithmetic operations natively over a large prime field $\mathbb{F}_p$. This significantly reduces the number of constraints required in a ZK circuit, making it up to 88 times more efficient per message bit than the Pedersen Hash.

  9. Overview of Threshold Signature Schemes

    A (n, t) threshold signature protocol enables distributed signing among n participants. A valid signature can be produced by any group of t+1 participants, while any group of t or fewer participants cannot. The primary goal is to produce signatures compatible with existing centralized signature schemes, meaning the verification algorithm remains identical to the standard version, while the setup and signing processes are replaced by interactive protocols. This prevents a 'single point of failure' by ensuring an adversary cannot learn the secret key without controlling at least t+1 participants.

  10. Overview of Orochi Network Orocle Service

    Orocle is a decentralized oracle service that fetches and verifies off-chain data for use within blockchain smart contracts. It uses a provable model with a distributed network of nodes to eliminate single points of failure and prevent data manipulation. It is chain-agnostic and designed for high scalability, supporting data feeds for DeFi, prediction markets, supply chain management, and gaming.

  11. Overview of zkMemory for zkVM development

    zkMemory is an open-source universal memory prover designed for developers building Zero-Knowledge Virtual Machines (zkVMs). It provides the infrastructure necessary to generate memory consistency proofs, ensuring that programs involving Random Access Machine (RAM) operations are secure, efficient, and verifiable. It is particularly suited for cryptographic systems, blockchain applications, and environments requiring privacy and succinctness.

  12. Overview of PlonK Arithmetization

    PlonK is a succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge argument (SNARK) system used to prove the correct execution of an arithmetic circuit containing only addition (+) and multiplication (·) operations. The arithmetization process transforms the circuit into a set of constraints represented as polynomials, which are then compiled into a proof.