Nette Database

An ActiveRow represents a single row from a database table. It provides an object-oriented interface to access column data, navigate relationships, and perform CRUD operations.

Key behaviors:

• Read-only access: You cannot use $row->column = 'value' because ActiveRow is read-only. Instead, use the update() method to persist changes.
• Array-like access: You can access columns as properties (e.g., $row->name) or via array syntax (e.g., $row['name']).
• Relationship navigation: It supports traversing database relationships using ref() and related().
• Automatic refreshing: If you access a column that wasn't part of the initial selection, ActiveRow can automatically refetch the row from the database to ensure data integrity.

// Assuming $row is an instance of ActiveRow
$name = $row->name; // Access column
$id = $row->getPrimary(); // Get primary key

// Updating data
$row->update(['name' => 'New Name']);

// Deleting the row
$row->delete();

The Selection class provides methods to navigate database relationships (belongs-to and has-many) using the Explorer's conventions.

Belongs-to (Referenced Rows)

Use getReferencedTable(ActiveRow $row, ?string $table = null, ?string $column = null) to find the parent row of a relationship. If $table or $column are not provided, the Explorer uses defined conventions to identify the relationship.

Has-many (Referencing Rows)

Use getReferencingTable(string $table, ?string $column = null, int|string|null $active = null) to get a GroupedSelection of child rows. This is useful for retrieving all items that belong to a specific parent.

Note: These methods rely on the Explorer having correctly configured database conventions.

// Assuming a 'book' belongs to an 'author'
$book = $explorer->table('book')->get(1);
$author = $explorer->table('book')->getReferencedTable($book, 'author');

// Assuming an 'author' has many 'books'
$author = $explorer->table('author')->get(1);
$books = $explorer->table('author')->getReferencingTable($author, 'book');

The repository provides a docker-compose.yml file to quickly spin up various database engines (MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MSSQL) for testing or development purposes. Each service is configured with specific ports and environment variables to ensure a consistent testing environment.

To use these services, run:

docker-compose up -d

services:
    mysql:
        image: mysql:8.0
        ports:
            - "3307:3306"
        environment:
            MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
            MYSQL_DATABASE: nette_test

    postgres96:
        image: postgres:9.6
        ports:
            - "5433:5432"
        environment:
            POSTGRES_USER: postgres
            POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
            POSTGRES_DB: nette_test

    postgres13:
        image: postgres:13
        ports:
            - "5434:5432"
        environment:
            POSTGRES_USER: postgres
            POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
            POSTGRES_DB: nette_test

    mssql:
        image: mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2022-latest
        ports:
            - "1434:1433"
        environment:
            ACCEPT_EULA: "Y"
            SA_PASSWORD: "YourStrong!Passw0rd"
            MSSQL_PID: Developer

The Result class provides several methods to retrieve data depending on the desired format:

• fetch(): Returns the next row as a Nette\Database\Row object (allows property access like $row->name). Returns null when no more rows exist.
• fetchAssoc(?string $path = null): Returns the next row as an associative array. If a $path is provided, it restructures all rows into an associative array using that path as the key.
• fetchList(): Returns the next row as an indexed array (list).
• fetchAll(): Returns all remaining rows as an array of Row objects. This caches the results internally.
• fetchPairs(...): Returns all rows as an associative array. You can specify a key column, a value column, or a callback to define the key-value pairs.

// Fetch as Row objects
while ($row = $result->fetch()) {
    echo $row->id;
}

// Fetch all as an associative array of pairs (e.g., id => name)
$pairs = $result->fetchPairs('id', 'name');

// Fetch all as an array of Row objects
$rows = $result->fetchAll();